Compound ingot.



No. 642,158. 7 Patented Ian. 30, I900. J. C. RUSSELL.

COMPOUND INGOT.

(Application filed Oct. 11, 1899.)

(No Model.)

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J Z d/ UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES C. RUSSELL, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE- TIIIRD TO CHARLES A. FAGAN AND JOSEPH G. VILSAOK, OF SAME PLACE.

COMPOUND INGOT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 642,158, dated January 30, 1900.

Original application filed October 8, 1897, Serial No. 654,568. Divided and this application filed October 11,1899. Serial (No model.)

To (tZZ whom, may concern.-

Be it known that I, JAMES C. RUSSELL, a resident of Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful lmprovementin Compound Ingots; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof.

My invention relates to compound ingots, and has special reference to ingots composed of layers or strata of metal of different carbon content, such as manufactured by the method disclosed in an application filed by me October 8, 1897, Serial No. 654,568, of which this application is a division. Heretofore in the manufacture of such ingots and plates therefrom it has been exceedingly difficult and practically impossible to effect a perfect union betweenthe high and the low carbon layers in the finished plate withoutheating and hammering the ingots after they are formed, as the layers would pull away from each other during rolling, and, further, very high carbon layers could not be formed in these ingots on acount of this pulling-away action of the several layers composing the ingot.

The object of the present invention is to overcome these difficulties and to provide an ingot in which the layers of different carbon content will not become separated during or after such rolling; and it consists in the novel construction, arrangement, and combination of parts, as hereinafter more specifically set forth and described, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

To enable others skilled in the art to which my invention appertains to make and use the same, I will describe it by reference to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which- Figure l is a vertical section of an apparatus for forming a five-ply ingot. Fig. 2 is a like View showing the formed ingot. Fig. 3 is a cross-section on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section of the ingot. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section of the plate for forming the outside layers of the ingot. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section of a compound plate formed or rolled from the ingot. Fig.

7 is a vertical section of a device for forming a three-ply ingot in an ordinary ingot-mold. Fig. 8 is a like view of the ingot and mold. Fig. 9 is a cross-section on the line 9 0 of Fig. 8, and Fig. 10 is alongitudinal section of the ingot.

Like symbols of reference indicate like parts in each.

In Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 l have illustrated the formation of afive-ply hard-center ingot in occordance with my invention; but it is evident that three-ply ingots may be manufactured thereby, as well as ingotsand plates containing more than live plies.

I make my improved ingot by taking asoft or low-carbon plate a of the required length and bending it transversely into U shape, having sides I) b and end portion 0, with a cavity cl between them, the plate a being provided with the notches e on one side to determine the bending-points. The plate a after bending is set in a vertical position with its end 0 resting upon the floor of the mill or pit, and a plate f of soft or low-carbon metal is placed within the cavity d at or about the center line thereof and is held in such position by any suitable means, after which the U shaped plate a and the plate f are suitably clamped together, although, if desired, the ordinary molds used for such purposes may be employed. The clamping device consists of end plates g g, placed against the edges of the sides I) and the platefand held together by rings 7L and wedges 2', driven between the plates 9 g and the rings. Hard or high-can bon metal is now poured into the spaces on each side of the plate f until said spaces are filled, when the same is allowed to cool, after which the end plates g g, rings h, and wedges i are removed and the ingot is ready for rolling into a plate Z. The ingot 70 so formed consists of the soft or low-carbon outsidelayers I), end portion 0, soft or low-carbon center layerf, and the hard or high-carbon layers j. During the operation of rolling the ingot 7; thus formed into a plate the end portion 0 is presented to the rolls with the layers b in contact with the operative faces thereof. This prevents any displacement or separation of the different layers of the ingot from each other and enables a solid plate 1 to be formed, having the layers of different carbons firmly Welded and bound together. Atter the platel has been rolled to the required size the end portion a may be sheared off, as well as the opposite end,an(l the plate trimmed to finished shape.

In Figs. 7, 8, 9, and 10 I have illustrated the formation in accordance with my invention of three-ply ingots within an ordinary ingotmold m, said ingots consisting of soft or lowcarbon outside layers connected by a protecting end portion with a hard or high-carbon layer between them. These ingots are formed and rolled into plates in like manner as above described for the five-ply ingots.

If desired, plates of different carbon content may be inserted Within the cavity of the U-shaped plate and the whole inserted into a furnace and heated, so as to join the plates together and form an ingot, after which the same While heated may be rolled to a finished plate, as described.

Various other modifications may be resorted to without departing from the spirit of the invention or sacrificing any of its advantages.

I claim- 1. As a new article of manufacture to be rolled, a compound ingot composed of a plate of low-carbon metal transversely bent to U shape to form outside layers and but one protecting end portion, and a layer of high-carbon metal oralternate layers of high and low carbon metal cast between the arms of said U-shaped plate, substantially as described.

2. As a new article of manufacture to be rolled, a compound ingot composed of a plate of low-carbon metal transversely bent to U shape to form outside layers and but one protecting end portion, and a layer of high-carbon metal or alternate layers of high and low carbon metal between said outside layers, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I, the said JAMES C. RUSSELL, have hereunto set my hand.

JAMES C. RUSSELL.

Witnesses:

J. N. COOKE, J. L. TREFALLER. 

